由于对高效有效的大数据分析解决方案的需求，医疗保健行业中数据分析的合并已取得了重大进展。知识图（KGS）已在该领域证明了效用，并且植根于许多医疗保健应用程序，以提供更好的数据表示和知识推断。但是，由于缺乏代表性的kg施工分类法，该指定领域中的几种现有方法不足和劣等。本文是第一个提供综合分类法和鸟类对医疗kg建筑的眼光的看法。此外，还对与各种医疗保健背景相关的学术工作中最新的技术进行了彻底的检查。这些技术是根据用于知识提取的方法，知识库和来源的类型以及合并评估协议的方法进行了严格评估的。最后，报道和讨论了文献中的一些研究发现和现有问题，为这个充满活力的地区开放了未来研究的视野。

We propose a fairness-aware learning framework that mitigates intersectional subgroup bias associated with protected attributes. Prior research has primarily focused on mitigating one kind of bias by incorporating complex fairness-driven constraints into optimization objectives or designing additional layers that focus on specific protected attributes. We introduce a simple and generic bias mitigation approach that prevents models from learning relationships between protected attributes and output variable by reducing mutual information between them. We demonstrate that our approach is effective in reducing bias with little or no drop in accuracy. We also show that the models trained with our learning framework become causally fair and insensitive to the values of protected attributes. Finally, we validate our approach by studying feature interactions between protected and non-protected attributes. We demonstrate that these interactions are significantly reduced when applying our bias mitigation.

Before the transition of AVs to urban roads and subsequently unprecedented changes in traffic conditions, evaluation of transportation policies and futuristic road design related to pedestrian crossing behavior is of vital importance. Recent studies analyzed the non-causal impact of various variables on pedestrian waiting time in the presence of AVs. However, we mainly investigate the causal effect of traffic density on pedestrian waiting time. We develop a Double/Debiased Machine Learning (DML) model in which the impact of confounders variable influencing both a policy and an outcome of interest is addressed, resulting in unbiased policy evaluation. Furthermore, we try to analyze the effect of traffic density by developing a copula-based joint model of two main components of pedestrian crossing behavior, pedestrian stress level and waiting time. The copula approach has been widely used in the literature, for addressing self-selection problems, which can be classified as a causality analysis in travel behavior modeling. The results obtained from copula approach and DML are compared based on the effect of traffic density. In DML model structure, the standard error term of density parameter is lower than copula approach and the confidence interval is considerably more reliable. In addition, despite the similar sign of effect, the copula approach estimates the effect of traffic density lower than DML, due to the spurious effect of confounders. In short, the DML model structure can flexibly adjust the impact of confounders by using machine learning algorithms and is more reliable for planning future policies.

We study the learning dynamics of self-predictive learning for reinforcement learning, a family of algorithms that learn representations by minimizing the prediction error of their own future latent representations. Despite its recent empirical success, such algorithms have an apparent defect: trivial representations (such as constants) minimize the prediction error, yet it is obviously undesirable to converge to such solutions. Our central insight is that careful designs of the optimization dynamics are critical to learning meaningful representations. We identify that a faster paced optimization of the predictor and semi-gradient updates on the representation, are crucial to preventing the representation collapse. Then in an idealized setup, we show self-predictive learning dynamics carries out spectral decomposition on the state transition matrix, effectively capturing information of the transition dynamics. Building on the theoretical insights, we propose bidirectional self-predictive learning, a novel self-predictive algorithm that learns two representations simultaneously. We examine the robustness of our theoretical insights with a number of small-scale experiments and showcase the promise of the novel representation learning algorithm with large-scale experiments.

Opinion summarisation synthesises opinions expressed in a group of documents discussing the same topic to produce a single summary. Recent work has looked at opinion summarisation of clusters of social media posts. Such posts are noisy and have unpredictable structure, posing additional challenges for the construction of the summary distribution and the preservation of meaning compared to online reviews, which has been so far the focus of opinion summarisation. To address these challenges we present \textit{WassOS}, an unsupervised abstractive summarization model which makes use of the Wasserstein distance. A Variational Autoencoder is used to get the distribution of documents/posts, and the distributions are disentangled into separate semantic and syntactic spaces. The summary distribution is obtained using the Wasserstein barycenter of the semantic and syntactic distributions. A latent variable sampled from the summary distribution is fed into a GRU decoder with a transformer layer to produce the final summary. Our experiments on multiple datasets including Twitter clusters, Reddit threads, and reviews show that WassOS almost always outperforms the state-of-the-art on ROUGE metrics and consistently produces the best summaries with respect to meaning preservation according to human evaluations.

Developing robust and fair AI systems require datasets with comprehensive set of labels that can help ensure the validity and legitimacy of relevant measurements. Recent efforts, therefore, focus on collecting person-related datasets that have carefully selected labels, including sensitive characteristics, and consent forms in place to use those attributes for model testing and development. Responsible data collection involves several stages, including but not limited to determining use-case scenarios, selecting categories (annotations) such that the data are fit for the purpose of measuring algorithmic bias for subgroups and most importantly ensure that the selected categories/subcategories are robust to regional diversities and inclusive of as many subgroups as possible. Meta, in a continuation of our efforts to measure AI algorithmic bias and robustness (https://ai.facebook.com/blog/shedding-light-on-fairness-in-ai-with-a-new-data-set), is working on collecting a large consent-driven dataset with a comprehensive list of categories. This paper describes our proposed design of such categories and subcategories for Casual Conversations v2.

我们研究了合作航空航天车辆路线应用程序的资源分配问题，其中多个无人驾驶汽车（UAV）电池容量有限和多个无人接地车辆（UGV），这也可以充当移动充电站，需要共同实现诸如持续监视一组要点之类的任务。由于无人机的电池能力有限，他们有时必须偏离任务才能与UGV进行集合并得到充电。每个UGV一次可以一次提供有限数量的无人机。与确定性多机器人计划的先前工作相反，我们考虑了无人机能源消耗的随机性所带来的挑战。我们有兴趣找到无人机的最佳充电时间表，从而最大程度地减少了旅行成本，并且在计划范围内没有任何无人机在计划范围内取消收费的可能性大于用户定义的公差。我们将此问题（{风险意识召集集合问题（RRRP））}作为整数线性程序（ILP），其中匹配的约束捕获资源可用性约束，而背包约束捕获了成功概率约束。我们提出了一种求解RRRP的双晶格近似算法。在一个持续监测任务的背景下，我们证明了我们的制定和算法的有效性。

当前，根据CNN处理的视频数据，主要执行动作识别。我们研究CNN的表示过程是否也可以通过将基于图像的动作音频表示为任务中的多模式动作识别。为此，我们提出了多模式的音频图像和视频动作识别器（MAIVAR），这是一个基于CNN的音频图像到视频融合模型，以视频和音频方式来实现卓越的动作识别性能。Maivar提取音频的有意义的图像表示，并将其与视频表示形式融合在一起，以获得更好的性能，与大规模动作识别数据集中的两种模式相比。

我们介绍了微博观点摘要（MOS）的任务，并共享3100个金标准意见摘要的数据集，以促进该领域的研究。该数据集包含跨越2年期的推文的摘要，并且涵盖了比任何其他公共Twitter摘要数据集更多的主题。摘要本质上是抽象的，是由熟练的记者创建的，这些记者在将事实信息（主要故事）与作者观点分开的模板之后，总结了新闻文章。我们的方法不同于以前在社交媒体中生成金标准摘要的工作，这些摘要通常涉及选择代表性帖子，从而有利于提取性摘要模型。为了展示数据集的实用性和挑战，我们基准了一系列抽象性和提取性的最先进的摘要模型，并实现良好的性能，前者的表现优于后者。我们还表明，微调对于提高性能和研究使用不同样本量的好处是必要的。

由于人口和全球化的增加，对能源的需求大大增加。因此，准确的能源消耗预测已成为政府规划，减少能源浪费和能源管理系统稳定运行的基本先决条件。在这项工作中，我们介绍了对家庭能耗的时间序列预测的主要机器学习模型的比较分析。具体来说，我们使用WEKA（一种数据挖掘工具）首先将模型应用于Kaggle数据科学界可获得的小时和每日家庭能源消耗数据集。应用的模型是：多层感知器，K最近的邻居回归，支持向量回归，线性回归和高斯过程。其次，我们还在Python实施了时间序列预测模型Arima和Var，以预测有或没有天气数据的韩国家庭能源消耗。我们的结果表明，预测能源消耗预测的最佳方法是支持向量回归，然后是多层感知器和高斯过程回归。